Evidence of inheritance of intrahepatic portosystemic shunts in Irish Wolfhounds.

BACKGROUND The etiogenesis of congenital portosystemic shunt in dogs is not understood. In Irish Wolfhounds, intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (IHPSS) is thought to be hereditary, but the mode of inheritance is unknown. OBJECTIVES To document the genetic background and investigate the potential mode of inheritance of IHPSS in Irish Wolfhounds. ANIMALS Three mature, privately owned, affected siblings and their progeny produced in 2 litters. METHODS Prospective, observational study. Two test matings of 1 affected sire with 2 of his affected sisters were used to determine the inheritance pattern. Affection status was determined by measuring venous blood ammonia concentrations, detection of the shunt by ultrasonography and confirmation during surgical attenuation of the intrahepatic shunting vessel. RESULTS In 1 litter of 5 pups all had an IHPSS. In the other litter 5 of 11 pups were affected. Both left- and right-sided shunts occurred in both litters. No sex predisposition was evident among affected dogs. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE Our results show that IHPSS in Irish Wolfhounds is a familial disorder that is likely genetic. It is unlikely that the mode of inheritance is monogenic. A digenic, triallelic trait could explain the observed occurrence of IHPSS but other modes of inheritance cannot be excluded.